©Comédie-Française 2005
 
 
             

Lekain
  "THEATREMANIA"

Voltaire, on the contrary, had enormous success with his first tragedy, Œdipe, which was created by the Comédiens-Français in 1718. He would soon write some thirty other plays for them, including Zaïre (1732), Sémiramis (1748) and l'Orphelin de la Chine (1755). Voltaire's interest in the stage, his passionate experiences and his successes made him one of the vital figures of the 18th-century French stage, although his plays are all quite forgotten today.
There was a succession of great actors who developed their acting before a knowledgeable and passionate audience: crowds came to applaud Mesdemoiselles Duclos, Dangeville and Lecouvreur, and later, Mesdemoiselles Clairon, Dumesnil and Vestris, while the male roles were given to Lekain, Brizard, Préville, Molé etc.

 
 
When confronted with the authority of Royal Household officials, responsible for applying the new regulations imposed in 1757 and 1766 by Louis XV who had taken over the Company's debts, the actors stood fast, added more small lucrative boxes in the auditorium and, with the help of Voltaire, rid the stage of all privileged seats. Staging, sets and costumes kept evolving.
New genres appeared: the sentimental comedy (comédie larmoyante) and the "drame bourgeois", derived from Diderot's ideas. Sedaine was among the most appreciated playwrights of the genre with Le Philosophe sans le savoir (1765) and La Gageure imprévue (1768).
 
 
Even though he initially thought of the Comédiens-Italiens (Italian actors), Beaumarchais finally asked the Comédiens-Français to create his Barbier de Séville. The première took place on 23 February 1775 in the temporary theatre situated in the Tuileries Palace. Performances met with great success. The same was true of the new theatre built for the Comédie-Française by architects de Wailly and Peyre and inaugurated in 1782 in the Faubourg Saint-Germain (currently, the Odéon), with the première of Le Mariage de Figaro also by Beaumarchais, on 27 April 1784. This comedy foreshadowed the revolutionary spirit.
Actors Dugazon, Larive, Dazincourt, Fleury, as well as Mesdemoiselles Contat and Raucourt met with success. Following the political mood of the time, the Comédie-Française soon became the "Théâtre de la Nation".

Le Mariage de Figaro 
 
 

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